Research Article: Perioperative nutrition-related laboratory profiles predict outcomes after digestive procedures in patients with gastrointestinal cancer
Abstract:
Routine laboratory measurements may capture nutritional, inflammatory, and organ-function vulnerability in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. We developed nested logistic regression models using INSPIRE v1.4.2 and evaluated a portable model in MIMIC-IV v3.1. The original INSPIRE cohort comprised 11,471 operations among 10,728 patients, with 893 deaths within 365?days. Patients were allocated to development and held-out test sets. For 365-day mortality, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.783 (95% CI 0.752–0.811) for clinical variables, 0.843 (95% CI 0.820–0.868) after adding laboratory variables, and 0.856 (95% CI 0.834–0.879) for the full perioperative model. Patient-level full-pipeline bootstrap analysis yielded an optimism-corrected AUROC of 0.837. External AUROC was 0.676 (95% CI 0.663–0.688) for 365-day mortality and 0.724 (95% CI 0.692–0.754) for recorded hospital death after harmonizing CRP units. Calibration drift was substantial, and hospital-death discrimination was sensitive to laboratory timing. Corrected operation-linked risk tertiles showed graded mortality and lower albumin and hemoglobin levels in higher-risk groups. Perioperative nutrition-related laboratory profiles provided additional discrimination for 365-day mortality beyond clinical variables, although limited external performance and calibration drift warrant further validation before clinical use.
Introduction:
Gastrointestinal cancers account for a substantial share of global cancer morbidity and mortality, and surgery remains central to curative-intent treatment for many patients ( 1 ). Yet, postoperative outcomes differ widely among patients undergoing apparently similar operations. Beyond tumor site and technical complexity, nutritional reserve, systemic inflammation, anemia, hepatic function, renal function, and coagulation status shape patients’ ability to tolerate major gastrointestinal surgery. Clinical nutrition…
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